Mature Sweet _TOP_
Harvesting sweet corn at the proper stage of maturity is essential to insure a high quality crop.Sweet corn should be harvested at the milk stage. At this stage the silks are brown and dry at the ear tip. When punctured with a thumbnail, the soft kernels produce a milky juice. Over- mature sweet corn is tough and doughy. An immature ear will not be completely filled to the tip and the kernels produce a clear, watery liquid when punctured.The harvest date can be estimated by noting the date of silk emergence. The number of days from silk emergence to harvest is approximately 18 to 23 days. Prime maturity, however, may be reached in 15 days or less if day and night temperatures are exceptionally warm. Most hybrid sweet corn varieties produce two ears per plant. The upper ear usually matures one or two days before the lower ear.Sweet corn remains in the milk stage for a short time. The weather determines the length of this stage. Sweet corn remains in prime condition for only one or two days during hot (85 F and above) weather. As the sweet corn approaches maturity, check it frequently during typical summer weather to insure high quality sweet corn.Harvest sweet corn by grasping the ear at its base and then twisting downward. Use or refrigerate sweet corn immediately as its quality rapidly declines after harvest. Standard sweet corn varieties may lose 50% of their sugar within 12 hours of harvest if not refrigerated. Sweet corn can be stored in the refrigerator at 32 F for 4 to 8 days. New high sugar varieties are slower to convert sugar to starch and may be harvested over a longer period of time. The high sugar types also have a longer storage life.This article originally appeared in the July 11, 1997 issue, p. 107.
mature sweet
Huanglongbing (HLB) is a devastating bacterial disease associated with Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus. The location of the pathogen within the vasculature of the tree has left growers with limited options for the effective management of the disease. Trunk injection is a crop protection technique that applies therapeutics directly into the xylem of woody tree species and allows for their systemic uptake and transport, which may provide more effective management of vascular diseases such as HLB. In this study mature 'Valencia' and 'Hamlin' sweet orange (Citrus sinensis) and 'Duncan' grapefruit (C. paradisi) trees were injected with oxytetracycline (OTC) in the spring and/or fall to evaluate the effects of injection timing and response to injection. In addition to seasonal evaluations of tree health and bacterial titer, preharvest fruit drop, yield, and fruit quality was measured at harvest to determine the effects of OTC injection. The benefits associated with injection included a reduction in fruit drop and an increase in fruit yield, fruit size, and improvements in juice quality. However, results varied due to the timing of injection and were not consistent across all three varieties. Residue analysis at different time points after injection suggests that trunk injection effectively delivers therapeutics to mature citrus trees. This study provides fundamental information on the short-term benefits associated with trunk injection of OTC for HLB management in citrus groves. The potential for use of trunk injection at the commercial scale and the possible risks are discussed.
Nothing can compare to the fresh, sweet, crisp taste of homegrown sweet corn that is picked and eaten on the same day. Sweet corn is certainly a favorite crop among home gardeners and, with the many varieties now available, there is one to suit every taste and need. Sweet corn is not difficult to grow and, by following the cultural guidelines provided in this publication, you too can enjoy this sweet delicacy.
Sweet corn may be divided into three distinct types according to genetic background: normal sugary (su), sugary enhanced (se) and supersweet (sh2). There are also varieties now containing a combination of either two or all three of these genes, exhibiting qualities of each. These are sometimes designated as synergistic (sy) or augmented supersweet (shA.)
Supersweets (sh2) should be isolated from any other type of corn tasseling at the same time to ensure sweetness and tenderness. Their pollen is weak and easily supplanted by other types, which causes the kernel to revert to a form with the toughness and starchiness of field corn. Because corn is wind-pollinated, this isolation distance should be 500 feet or more, especially down-wind.
Many new varieties contain two or all three types of genes. These may be called by several different terms including mixed gene, multi-gene, synergistic, sweet breeds, and extra tender, among other names. All of these should be isolated in the same manner as the sh2 varieties.
Sweet corn is a warm-season vegetable requiring soil temperatures between 60-90 degrees F. Avoid planting seed in cool soils. Wait until at least two weeks after the last average killing frost before planting. If planted too early, weak stands, stunted growth or frost-killed seedlings may result. The newer, sweeter varieties are even more sensitive to cool, wet soils and may not perform well in these conditions.
Common cultural problems of sweet corn include poor kernel development caused by dry weather during silking, planting too close, poor fertility, too few rows in a block causing poor pollination, and lodging (falling over) from too much nitrogen and/or wind damage.
Common insect problems that will be encountered in sweet corn include corn earworm, aphids and flea beetles. Cutworms, seed-corn maggots, Southern corn rootworm, wireworms, fall armyworm, European corn borers and Japanese beetles may be encountered as pests of sweet corn.
This feed is for mature maintenance or lightly worked horses that are eating grass or mixed hay/pasture. Feed 1/2 lb of Pleasure Sweet for every 100 pounds of body weight (for example, 5 lb of Pleasure Sweet for a 1,000-lb horse). One quart of Pleasure Sweet weighs approximately 1.1 lb.
Currently, how HLB elevates the physiological drop of mature citrus fruit is not completely understood. In HLB-affected trees, internal water relations might be altered because of the loss of feeder roots (Hamido et al., 2017; Johnson et al., 2014). It is relevant to this research that water-deficit stress not only causes a reduction in fruit mass (García-Tejero et al., 2010; Pérez-Pérez et al., 2009) but also triggers fruit abscission (Ginestar and Castel, 1996; Romero et al., 2006) for healthy citrus trees. Therefore, whether HLB has a negative impact on tree water status, thereby increasing fruit drop before harvest, warrants investigation.
It should be noted that the assessment of water relation of mature fruit-bearing trees before harvest coincided with the second week following the full bloom of return flowering (Supplemental Fig. 2), which was responsible for the crop the following year. There was also an overlap of dry season and the first two months of fruit development. Taken together, the result demonstrating differential water potential in relation to HLB severity in March (Fig. 6) supports the possibility that initial fruit development immediately after flowering may be negatively affected because of changes in water status of sweet orange trees affected by HLB. To address the question of whether limited fruit growth is because of the decrease in water uptake in HLB-affected trees and thereby increases the incidence of mature fruit drop subsequently, research that continuously monitors the changes in fruit size and tree water status as early as the start of fruit set with preharvest drop evaluation is necessary. Alternatively, HLB may bring out changes in endogenous hormone homeostasis (Martinelli et al., 2012; Nehela et al., 2018) or carbohydrate levels (Rosales and Burns, 2011) during fruit developmental stages that affect fruit growth through suppressing cell division and/or expansion that leads to their high likeliness to abscise at maturity.
Although not related to the common potato (Solanum tuberosum), the sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) recently has been used as a more healthy alternative to French fries and mashed potatoes. Cultivating your own sweet potato plant allows you to have a beautiful ground-spreading vine decorating your garden while producing a practical food crop. Grown from miniature sweet potatoes, called slips, sweet potato plants have differing growth rates, depending on the climate and when you remove the potato.
A small harvest after six weeks of growing is possible if ideal soil conditions are met. Once you plant the slips after the winter frost threats are over, the soil must be periodically watered; deep watering is the best way to encourage large sweet potato growth. With a soil temperature between 70 and 80 degrees Fahrenheit, the plant should grow to 8 inches within six weeks. At this point, small sweet potatoes are ready for harvesting; pulling the entire plant from the garden allows you to access all the sweet potatoes, but prevents any new flushes from occurring.
For a mature quantity of sweet potatoes, you must wait about 90 days for the plant to grow larger. If the sweet potato was planted in the spring, the 90-day period usually culminates near the middle to end of the summer. This growing period allows the sweet potato to have the warm weather it craves for large potato production. The potatoes are ready for picking when the foliage begins to yellow.
You do not need to pull the entire plant out of the garden at the end of the 90-day period. In fact, yellowing foliage does not indicate an immediate end to the sweet potato production period; the plant still generates potatoes well into a warm fall season. After 150 days in the garden, your sweet potato plant may still have second and third flushes of mature tubers if they are watered well and kept at warm temperatures. A vigorously growing vine is a good sign of numerous tubers below; the dense foliage produces enough energy through photosynthesis to keep tuber growth going throughout the warm growing season. 041b061a72